Synergistic antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of nisin and lactic acid in yogurt against Helicobacter pylori and human gastric cells

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a bacterium that naturally thrives in acidic environments and has the potential to induce various gastrointestinal disorders humans. The antibiotic therapy utilized for treating H. can lead undesired side effects, such as dysbiosis gut microbiota. objective of our study was explore antibacterial effects nisin lactic acid (LA) yogurt against pylori. Additionally, we investigated anti-inflammatory LA human gastric (AGS) cells infected with Nisin combination showed strongest inhibitory activity, confirmed synergy at 0.375 fractional concentration index. Also, post-fermented incorporation exhibited effect resulted significant reduction mRNA levels bacterial toxins pro-inflammatory cytokines AGS Furthermore, this also increased membrane damage, which led DNA protein leakage Overall, shows promise an alternative infection. into foods containing presents application. Further studies, including animal research, are needed validate these findings clinical applications.